aids and africa essays

aids and africa essays The following are facts cited in Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome by Gerald J. Stine. Worldwide, about 9,000 persons a day become HIV-infected. The majority of all HIV infections worldwide occur in people ages 15-24. Over 1 million people die of AIDS each year. The number of HIV-infections worldwide has tripled since 1990! It is estimated that there will be a 20% decline in population in East Africa by the year 2001 due to AIDS (Stine, 360). AIDS is the leading cause of deaths among adult men and the second leading cause of deaths among adult women in Africa (Bethel, 135). The first for women is pregnancy and abortion related. It is extremely difficult to judge the exact extent of AIDS in Africa, either geographically or in the population so rather than focusing on Western Africa alone, it is most feasible to acknowledge modes of transmission across the African continent as a whole (Bethel, 138). Also, we can assert that AIDS cases do not occur on the African continent in a uniform fashion but rather form an AIDS Belt in central, southern, and eastern Africa (Bethel, 138). First, by mentioning the fact that the Third World contains three fourths of the Earths population, and combining that fact with that of those worlds having an overall lesser knowledge upon transmission, prevention, and AIDS in general, it is not surprising that these countries populations are greatly impacted by mortality. Africa, with about 12% of the worlds population, is now reporting about 25% of the worlds AIDS cases. It is estimated to have over 65% of the total number of HIV-infected adults and 90% of the worlds HIV-infected children (Stine, 364). An astonishing fact that further allows the realistic comprehension of the diseases dominance in Africa is that 6,000 Africans become HIV-infected each day which is 250 persons per hour or four ...

Princeton and Harvard Fail to Lead the Way on Elimination of Early Admissions

Princeton and Harvard Fail to Lead the Way on Elimination of Early Admissions A New York Times article reported on February 24, 2011 that Princeton and Harvard have chosen to reinstate their early admissions programs.   Apparently they weren’t comfortable sticking out like sore thumbs in the Ivy League. As reported in The Daily Princetonian, Princeton’s President Shirley Tilghman had this to say about the decision: â€Å"We have carefully reviewed our single admission program every year, and we have been very pleased with how it has worked†¦Ã‚   But in eliminating our early program four years ago, we hoped other colleges and universities would do the same, and they haven’t.† This decision highlights how much the Ivy Leagues are bedfellows.   Harvard made its decision first, and although Tilghman claims that Princeton might have reinstated early admissions even if Harvard had not, Princetons decision was clearly heavily influenced by Harvards. Diversity Schmersity It is well-known that applying early decision markedly boosts applicants’ chances for admission, and that early applicant pools tend to be higher income and less diverse than the regular admission pool.   The initial reason for eliminating early admissions back in 2006 was the assessment that early admissions had an overall homogenizing effect on collegiate populations. Princeton’s Tilghman remains hopeful: â€Å"I think there’s a lot of confidence among the staff at the admission office - and I have to take that confidence pretty seriously - that we are going to be able to sustain the gains that we’ve seen,† Tilghman said. â€Å"I’m cautiously optimistic that we will be able to sustain the gains.† Why oh Why? I wonder what the impetus was for Princeton and Harvards choice.   The most obvious possibility is that they were losing top candidates to other schools with early admissions programs.   Isnt it interesting how the NYT, Princetonian, and AP articles dont mention that? Skeptics will likely surmise that there must be some financial gain for Princeton and Harvard in reversing their 2006 decision.   Although this might be the case, there is some mitigating news. The Associated Press reports that Harvard is increasing financial aid in the face of its 4% tuition increase, and that it has pledged improvements in minority recruiting.   I’m sure there will be many people keeping a close eye on the results of the return to early admissions, and I hope Tilghman’s prediction is on the money. Category:College AdmissionsBy Brenda BernsteinFebruary 28, 2011

Promoting Ethical Behavior and Diversity on a Company Essay

Promoting Ethical Behavior and Diversity on a Company - Essay Example The company also does follow-ups on its performance on ethical issues in the countries it operates. Swedish culture is of less power distance implying that the society expects power to be decentralized. Skanska is developing their culture based on minimal power distance. The company CEO says that he depends on his team for the company success. On the case of masculinity as a dimension, Swedish society is more feminine that masculine, which implies that the society expects equality in management issues. Skanska CEO admits in the interview that he likes to involve individuals and want people to challenge him as he challenges them back. The trait of the management style of the CEO depicts a manager who is trying quite hard to promote equality in all the decisions and matters of the company just the same way Swedish culture dictates. Additionally, Karlstrom is a CEO, who avoids uncertainty at all cost. In the opening of the interview, he refers to a crisis that happened in 1997 concerning Skanska. He asserts that his team does not want the company to find itself in such uncertainty ag ain. The CEO is thus managing Skanska in the line of the Swedish culture that is a highly uncertainty avoidance society. Furthermore, the CEO says that Skanska creates a collective business environment that supports the success of the company and employees as well. In fact, the spirit is in line with the Swedish culture that promotes high institution

Infinite Reality - the Hidden Blueprint of Our Virtual Lives Assignment - 5

Infinite Reality - the Hidden Blueprint of Our Virtual Lives - Assignment Example Most of them are shocked to find out that the person they were talking to the whole time was a different gender or perhaps used a different persona, usually one that easily fits into the world’s idea of beauty. Relating this concept of the show to the author’s view in â€Å"Infinite Reality†, where he says â€Å"appearance and behavior is up for grabs, such that a person could be effortlessly transformed into another sex, race, age, even a different species of animal,† I would say that though it is easy to make up a make believe virtual reality because there is not really any sort of way to check online whether a certain person is really who he or she says they are, behavior is apparently not one for grabs. Just like how a real person who is made up of a physical, mental and emotional dimension, virtual accounts pretty much operate the same way except the fact that the physical aspect can be easily altered based on the limitation of a non-personal interaction. One can easily use someone else’s picture and create a new persona online. However, while this works for the physical aspect, the mental and emotional aspects which is part of the â€Å"everything† of a being is really telling of a person’s virtual blueprint even without a personal encounter. One can stop looking like a nerd by just the act of changing a profile picture but one does not stop being a nerd. This is because the moment one creates messages, comments and shares one’s life to another through chat, no matter how one avoids the reality he or she wants to run away from, the virtual blueprint easily seeps in exposing bits of the reality behind a certain virtual persona. Let us take a look at our virtual encounters. I am sure all of us have had an experience creating a profile and interacting with other people online.

Eagle Boys Pizza Report Essay Example for Free

Eagle Boys Pizza Report Essay Founded by a young baker in his mum’s garage in 1987, Eagle Boys now operates more than 335 stores throughout all states of Australia. It is one hundred per cent Australian owned and operated and delivers pizzas to hungry families across Australia from metropolitan inner city areas to small remote towns. With over 8,000 team members nationally, Eagle Boys makes just under 18 million pizzas a year and generates an annual turnover of more than $200 million. Focused on delivering real taste, real size and real value to pizza lovers across Australia, Eagle Boys is customer-focused and continually examines ways to improve its customer satisfaction and service. Eagle Boys ensures pizza lovers across Australia receive tasty meals and exceptional service every time by training its franchises to commit 110% to customers’ satisfaction. Explanation of its legal structure Eagle Boys pizza is a Proprietary company, meaning that it is private. The shareholders of Eagle Boys Pizza Pty Ltd, have limited liability protection, which means that the most money they can lose is the amount they paid for their shares. Eagle Boys began as a family business, as it was founded by Tom Potter and his mum in 1989. It is an incorporated business, meaning that the business is a separate legal entity from the owners. This allowed the business to be sold and still be operated, in 2007 to Todd Clayton who is now the CEO and managing director of Eagle Boys Pizza. The fact that it is a separate legal entity, allows the company to sue, be sued, buy or sell property and also have perpetual succession. Identification of the current stage of the business life cycle the business is currently in and give reasons for your views Eagle Boys pizza is currently at the maturity stage of the business cycle. Its goal is to maintain profits at pre-existing levels. Recently, in February 2011, Eagle Boys responded to the growing sophistication of Australians’ pizza palate by unveiling its new Gourmet Pizza Range featuring ingredients such as, Roasted Potato, Salmon Steaks and Tandoori Chicken. Eagle Boys is also the only Australian pizza maker to offer Ready 2 Go! â„ ¢, which allows customers to get their hands on some of their favourite pizzas without phoning beforehand or waiting between 5. 30pm and 8pm daily. Since Eagle Boys was purchased by private equity firm NBC Capital and the current executive team in 2007, Network store numbers have grown by 63% which is the highest period of growth in the company’s 24-year history. Eagle Boys saw sales grow 15. 4% during the 12 months up to June 2010, bringing total sales growth during the past three years to 43. 2%. The company expects the strong double digit growth to continue with the opening of additional stores and the launch of new products. Identification of one business law and one regulatory body in relation to this business – explain how this business complies An example of a business law of the Eagle Boys pizza is a privacy law. Eagle Boys is subject to Privacy Legislation, including the National Privacy Principles (NPPs) under the Privacy Act 1988, The Privacy and Personal Information Protection Act (1988) and contractual requirements relating to Privacy pursuant to a number of State and Territory Government Licence Agreements. Eagle Boys Pizza complies with this law by collecting information by either specifying or letting the reason be apparent at the time the information is collected. It is not Eagle Boys’ general practice to collect sensitive information and they will only collect sensitive information with the persons consent. A regulatory body that Eagle Boys Pizza complies with is the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Eagle Boys applied for notification of conduct whereby it would grant franchises on condition that franchisees acquire goods and services from specified suppliers. That notification was lodged on 13 August 2009 and allowed to stand on 21 September 2009. Eagle Boys complies by ensuring product safety and liability and does not provide any false or misleading advertising. Identification of two significant challenges for management in the business life cycle – one challenge management has faced prior to 2011 and one they will face in the future (ensure you state which stage of the life cycle the business experienced /will experience this challenge). A significant challenge that Eagle Boys pizza management has faced prior to 2011 is responding to the growing amount of different pizza businesses, in competition with Eagle Boys, and the need to introduce new ranges and varieties of products to satisfy the needs of consumers. They had been challenged to introduce new products such as gourmet pizzas, desserts, and sides such as pastas, chicken wings, garlic bread etc. This challenge was experienced during the growth stage of the business cycle. A significant challenge that Eagle Boys pizza management will face in the future is decline, in the Recession stage of the business life cycle. As the business would have been running for a while now, it will have become a high-risk business. Products may become obsolete, leaving the business with unsold stock. Another factor influencing decline is well qualified employees beginning to leave and seek better job opportunities. Due to the ongoing introduction of new businesses in the same field, Eagle Boys will be affected by consumers no longer buying the businesses products, resulting in a large dent in the cash flow. Consequently, profits will also decline. Identification of the business environmental influences, both internal and external, that have impacted upon this business Internal environmental influences that have impacted Eagle Boys Pizza include product influences such as the range of menus that it provides as well as services provided. E. g. Delivery services. Location influences also have a large effect on the business. The location of franchises is vital as a prime location means the business will attract higher numbers of customers as it is convenient and visible. The proximity to customers, suppliers and support services is also essential in determining the location of the business. Another internal influence is resources. Employees, being the main asset to the business are an extremely important resource. Other important resources include cooking and servicing equipment and machinery as well as raw materials that allow the business to create and sell their products. Management influences control the workers and help to provide a more organised structure and easy way of communication and co-operation. External environmental influences that have impacted Eagle Boys Pizza include Legal influences such as increasing legal obligations and business requirements. Political and institutional influences include taxation, employee superannuation, approval of new development and alteration applications. These influences have a strong impact on how and where the business is run. Another external influence is financial influences. Financial influences create changes in the financial market which can cause risk for the business. Geographical influences heavily impact the opportunities for the business. Demographic factors such as population, age, and income control the popularity of the business. Explanation and critical analyses of how management has responded to the above range of challenges and influences The first Eagle Boys Pizza opened in Albury, New South Wales. Eagle Boys advertised their products as semi-gourmet pizzas that quite unique to the larger chains, yet cheaper due to the high production output. This successful idea caught on, and the first store in Albury was quickly creating a generous profit. Within less than a year, Eagle Boys opened up two more stores in the neighbouring cities of Wagga Wagga and Dubbo. As the company sustained its growth, it put a lot of energy into researching ways to meet consumer demands in different regions. With stores opening up in rural, suburban and urban areas throughout Australia, the company became very popular due to operating in areas that other large fast food businesses would often ignore. One particularly successful store model was the development of a drive-thru pizza store in 1999, a concept which was unheard of at the time. Australia’s first drive-thru pizza store demonstrated to be immensely popular, as it was easy and convenient. Expanding on this quick pizza delivery system, the company launched the Eagle Boys Pizza Express Store shortly after, which was designed to provide quick service pizza out of a small location in highly populated foot traffic areas. This express system proved to be very popular, and new locations started to spring up at airports, shopping malls and pedestrian malls around the country. Many locations were now generating up to forty precent of their sales. As the company started to experience increased competition, it had to do something to differentiate its express pizza service from other companies offering similar products. Eagle Boys eventually developed a popular offshoot menu for Eagle Express stores: â€Å"Ready, Fresh Go! † in 2008. This idea meant that while it is an express delivery system, the pizzas are made fresh and held in specially-designed slow-cook ovens that ensure their freshness. The company’s dedication to research and response to consumer trends and the development of new, quality products quality concluded in the largest reformation of the Eagle Boys menu in its history. Launched in early 2010, the new menu featured a variety of new items. Apart from new pizzas, new items such as a chocolate fudge mousse dessert, pasta dishes, additional side dishes and drinks were introduced. Customers have responded with a resounding satisfaction, and throughout 2010 Eagle Boys enjoyed one of its biggest increases in sales in company history. Eagle Boys continues to develop new and accessible ways to respond to challenges and internal and external influences. Creating innovative and unique products is what has propelled the company to success, and it continues to be a mainstay of Eagle Boys’ activities today.

kids :: essays research papers

unsubstantiated cases. The National Crime Survey shows that in â€Å"1987 children in the twelve to fifteen age group suffered a rate of victimization, exceeded only by that of people aged sixteen to twenty-four† ( Whitcomb 431). Another form of child abuse is incest. Incest can be described as sexual acts between two people who are so closely related that the law forbids them to marry. In a great majority of incest cases, the victim is a female. Her assailant is usually a male adult, uncle, cousin, or brother. Some studies have shown that â€Å"40 percent of all women who use drugs have incest in their past† (Giovannoni 4 ). Abuse does not just mean that the child is likely to become an abusive parent. There is another great danger. Studies show that â€Å"abused children have a habit of getting into trouble with the law† (Conte 42). There are no statutes that clearly distinct between what is and what is not considered to be child abuse and neglect. Therefore, police and other public officials must take each case separately into consideration. Some people believe it is better for an abused child to be placed in foster care. Yet, foster care, in some cases, may be more harmful to the child’s health. Despite a â€Å"department policy that says children should not be put in homes with more than six children, sixteen percent are†(Giovannoni 25). One fourth of all abused children in foster care return to their parents. It has been estimated that some ten thousand children are severely battered every year, fifty to seventy-five thousand are sexually abused, one hundred thousand are emotionally neglected, and another one hundred thousand are physically, morally, or educationally neglected. It only takes a quick scan of the headlines to see that sex offenders come in a variety of shapes and sizes – principals, teachers, coaches, doctors, lawyers, scout leaders, ministers, priests, neighbors, relatives – the butcher, and the banker. Every child is vulnerable to abuse. Today’s parents must face the possibility that someone may hurt or take advantage of their child. Research indicates that as many as â€Å"one out of every four children will be the victim of some type of abuse† (Daro 87). In order to highlight the problems of determining what is abuse and neglect here is an example of some cases. â€Å"A three year old in Tennessee was forced by her stepfather to walk for three days and three nights, until she died of exhaustion.

Play Response: A Rasin in the Sun Essay

I thought the play â€Å"A Raisin in The Sun† was very good because it accurately displayed so many aspects of what life would be like in the 1950’s for African Americans. Full of conflict and racial tension, Hansberry creates a strong distinction between her different and unique characters. The main theme of dreams creates conflicts that are evident in the play because the family is aiming for an individual dream that seems to never happen; however, in the end, they get away form the individual dream and finally reach a common ground. Almost every character in Raisin in the Sun had a dream or goal, and it seemed like their dreams dictated their happiness or value in life. Walter is obsessed with becoming successful and rich in order to afford things for his family, why his sister Beneatha’s original dream to become a doctor ends up directing the choices she will make when she realizes that Walter has wasted the money to be put aside for her. Throughout everyone’s dreams and aspirations, it seems to me that Mama’s dream is probably the most important. For Mama, all she desires is to keep the family together. She realizes the importance of a strong and close family, and struggles to keep them together despite all of the failings and mishaps that the characters experience. To Mama, a strong and close family is the most important aspect of her life, and something she will constantly struggle to protect. I also found it very uplifting when the family is able to overcome all of the struggles and adversity, and still manage to reject Mr. Lindner’s offers to move out of the all-white neighborhood. In my opinion, this is the perfect conclusion to the play, as I believe it shows that Mama’s dream of having a strong and cohesive family is directly connected to the rest of the family’s goals as well. Despite the offers by Mr. Lindner to help the individuals of the family in exchange for leaving the neighborhood, the family is able to put Mama’s dream in front of their own, which enabled the family to become a closer, happier family in the end, despite their individual struggles. While it seemed like the Youngers’ dreams were going to fester up and die, they were able to understand the importance of family that helped them to keep their dreams alive and achievable.

Comparison of the Odyssey and O Brother, Where Art Thou?>

Platt Pre AP English 9 5/9/2012 O Brother, This is Not Even Close To the Odyssey Everyone loves to immerse themselves into a dramatic and extraordinary story with evil monsters, brave hero's, and the desperate will to survive. It allows you to escape your troubles and take you to a new and exiting please with each and every second. However, there are some stories that simply do not capture the essence of breathtaking adventure. The movie O Brother, Where Art Thou? created by the comedic team of Ethan and Joel Coen, simply does not capture the perplexing classic story.O Brother, Where Art Thou? Is the big screen remake of Homer's epic poem, â€Å"The Odyssey†. This original story is about the adventure of Odysseus as he escapes his seven year imprisonment from the goddess Calypso. This Epic hero battles numerous monsters on his desperate attempt to return home to his wife Penelope, whom he meets again in a heartfelt reuniting. However, in the re-make film, a man named Ulysseus is a prison escapee that is desperate to keep his wife, Penny, from marrying another man, lying and cheating his way to reach his goal.The Coen brothers have created such a disappointing excuse for capturing a real hero and his adventures to be reunited with his true love. It is near idiotic. The story is so foggy and distracted by the unneeded details, and it abandons the true meaning of the heartwarming story. When a person imagines the heartfelt reuniting of a husband and wife after being separated for seven painstakingly long years, you dream of the relief and joy of the meeting. The story of â€Å"Penelope† in â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer reflects this idea exquisitely. The Coen brother's O Brother, Where Art Thou?Has a somewhat similar take on the story of Penelope. No matter the specific and thoroughly shown facts that the epic poem is much greater than the comedic film. The wife of Odysseus in the epic poem is named Penelope, and extremely similar to the name of Ulysseus's wife, Penny. In the movie, they were separated by the federal imprisonment of Everett Ulysseus, and the time it took to return back home. Also similar, the original hero Odysseus was kept from his wife Penelope by his imprisoner Calypso for many years, and the additional years of fighting for his life to return home to her.Also, in the poem, Odysseus was in his hometown while he saw his wife for the first time after all of those years. So was the place that Ulysseus was reunited with Penny in the film. There are few similarities between the film and the epic poem, but it is still believable that the similarities can not be compared to the shining differences. The poem is such an inspirational and heartfelt spectacle, it makes the film appear unimportant and no deep emotion involved with it. There are extremely few similarities, but there are certainly no shortage of differences between these two stories.Penelope is such a heartwarming, in depth part of the poem where ody sseus meets his wife once again. That is how it takes place in the epic poem anyway. In the film, it is the short, awkward moment of Ulysseus and his wife meeting again, to find out that Penny has completely and totally moved on. Also, Odysseus, in the poem, was disguised as a beggar, and his wife Penelope, had no idea who he really was. She tells him of the whole in her heart ever since her love disappeared, and he knowingly reassured her that her love would return.However, in the film, Ulysseus angrily approached Penny and demanded why she would ever lie to their children about his death. Penny went on to describe about how she had not missed him one bit. A complete and utter opposite of how the poem's Penelope had felt. In â€Å"The Odyssey† Penelope had many, many suitors that she would never accept for marriage. They ate her out of house and home, practically destroyed her life, only making her want Odysseus even more. All too differently, in the film, Penny had but one suitor, who she was set to marry that weekend, with no remorse.Ulysseus didn’t even disguise himself to her. This entire reenactment was both rude and uncaring. It showed no relief in the fact the hero of the story survived and was so heroic that he beat the odds. Indeed, it was very disappointing of a story. Most movies have a change to a story to emphasize or make it clearer to the viewers. However, it is clearly disappointing when the changes to the story are unnecessary. Everyone has heard of the saying â€Å"the book was better than the movie. † This is the case for the film translation of â€Å"The Odyssey†.The scene of Penelope is once of those specific scenes where it would be more reasonable to make it more similar to the original. However, it did work for a more comedic plot line. It exemplified crude humor and a lack of true deep emotions. It is exactly what the Coen brothers think when it comes to movie creating. Even though the changes are completel y pointless, it adds a somewhat depth to the all-around immature story. But it also creates this unloving relationship between the hero and his love.This relationship is full of jealousy and unneeded feuding. It may do something for the movie, yet it is simply not enough to make it enjoyable. When a person sits down with a good book or a bowl of popcorn waiting for a movie, it is assumed that there will be a thrilling, capturing story. Unfortunately, the film, O Brother, Where Art Thou? , directed by the team of brothers, Ethan and Joel Coen, is not one such story as determined by the disappointing and idiotic differences to the original epic poem â€Å"The Odyssey†.The differences in the two were blaringly overwhelming in comparison to the similarities. In this case, the differences did not help in rewriting this incredible tale of â€Å"The Odyssey†. Even in the most deep, beautiful scenes such as Penelope, there was a distinct failure by the creators of the film. Pe nelope called for such romance and heart-lifting emotion, the crude joke of it was almost criminal. Even if the film was taken in a more serious direction, it would have only scraped the surface of such a beautiful epic poem.

Analysis of War Photographer Essays

Analysis of War Photographer Essays Analysis of War Photographer Paper Analysis of War Photographer Paper Essay Topic: Poetry The author of this poem Carol Ann Duffy is a well known English poet. She wrote a lot of poems about varied subjects. She was born in 1955 in Scotland. Duffys experience in life may have affected her writings in many ways. Her writings mostly have simple casual language and are marked by their philosophical manner. War photographer is a very eye-catching, strong and effective title. The title conveys to the onlookers the idea and theme of death, war, blood and other such aspects from a specific point of view. The title itself carries the theme of the whole poem and its indirect manner. In this poem an anonymous photographer, tries to capture the readers attention into the theme of death and war. Throughout the poem, the comparisons exhibit to us the clear differences, and similarities in the subjects in this theme. The poem explores the way some humans care too little for others who are blasted away everyday. These ideas and others are portrayed through the photographer and his job. The first six lines of the poem show the photographers own ideas .It also portrays the poets own ideas and how he sees this theme, and this job of photography. The poet shows how the photographer is really inserted into his serious job. With spools of suffering set out the poet uses alliteration, metaphor as well as an onomatopoeic effect in this line. This is used to show the rush of images and the agony they have. The photographer is then compared to a priest and his work a religious one. These two lines show much more than they seem to. They may mean that what he does is a serious religious and extremely important work. It may also mean to show the image and the arrangement of coffins which symbolizes death. The last line is not less important, as it shows yet another comparison between these distant lands where dead bodies are as plentiful as grass; may be even more! It quotes a few words from the bible to support this idea. The second stanza continues the ideas of the first one. The first line shows the importance of the photographers job and its accuracy. It lets us guess how dreadful and pitiful the images are. The next lines give, yet again, a comparison of this quite place to where people die in hundreds. It shows some of the great differences between the peaceful lives of these people and the agonies of the others in distant lands. The third stanza has more action than the previous two. The poet now goes on to the images, rather the memories, as they flow swiftly. The words half-formed ghost tries to fix an image in the readers minds about the deathly theme of the poem. The photographer now stops at a memory, a painful one. The poetry shows in these few lines humanity should be respected. How human blood is so cheap and how countries and languages, shouldnt really distinguish between humans. The last stanza takes an over view over the whole affair. It shows how there are many more painful images which we are not shown. It explores how millions of people die for nearly nothing. It shows again, and compares how the comfortable citizens wont really give much care to such things. It says that they will have pity but only for short. Only as people listen to religious sermons, think for only a few minutes, and then forget all about it. The last two lines show another point-of-view of the photographer. He stares impassively at a place where he should be. This place is where he lives, and does this sacred job, but yet where people do not care.

The Discovery of Otzi the Iceman and Its Significance

The Discovery of Otzi the Iceman and Its Significance On September 19, 1991, two German tourists were hiking in the Otzal Alps near the Italian-Austrian border when they discovered Europes oldest known mummy sticking out of the ice. Otzi, as the iceman is now known, had been naturally mummified by the ice and kept in amazing condition for approximately 5,300 years. Research on Otzis preserved body and the various artifacts found with it continues to reveal much about the life of Copper Age Europeans. The Discovery Around 1:30 p.m. on September 19, 1991, Erika and Helmut Simon from Nuremberg, Germany were descending from the Finail peak in the Tisenjoch area of the Otzal Alps when they decided to take a shortcut off the beaten path. When they did so, they noticed something brown sticking out of the ice. Upon further inspection, the Simons discovered that it was a human corpse. Although they could see the back of the head, arms, and back, the bottom of the torso was still embedded in the ice. The Simons took a picture and then reported their discovery at the Similaun Refuge. At the time, however, the Simons and the authorities all thought the body belonged to a modern man who had recently suffered a deadly accident. Removing Otzis Body Removing a frozen body thats stuck in the ice at 10,530 feet (3,210 meters) above sea level is never easy. Adding bad weather and a lack of proper excavation equipment made the job even more difficult. After four days of trying, Otzis body was finally removed from the ice on September 23, 1991. Sealed up in a body bag, Otzi was flown via helicopter to the town of Vent, where his body was transferred to a wooden coffin and taken to the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Innsbruck. At Innsbruck, archaeologist Konrad Spindler determined that the body found in the ice was definitely not a modern man; instead, he was at least 4,000 years old. It was then that they realized that Otzi the Iceman was one of the most amazing archaeological finds of the century. Once it was realized that Otzi was an extremely important discovery, two teams of archaeologists went back to the discovery site to see if they could find more artifacts. The first team stayed only three days, October 3-5, 1991, because the winter weather was too harsh to work in. The second archaeology team waited until the following summer, surveying from July 20 to August 25 1992. This team found numerous artifacts, including string, muscle fibers, a piece of a longbow, and a bearskin hat. Who Was Otzi the Iceman? Otzi was a man who lived sometime between 3350 and 3100 BCE in what is called the Chalcolithic or Copper Age. He stood approximately five feet and three inches high and at the end of his life suffered from arthritis, gallstones, and whipworm. He died at about the age of 46. At first, it was believed that Otzi had died from exposure, but in 2001 an X-ray revealed that there was a stone arrowhead embedded in his left shoulder. A CT scan in 2005 discovered that the arrowhead had severed one of the Otzis arteries, most likely causing his death. A large wound on Otzis hand was another indicator that Otzi had been in close combat with someone shortly before his death. Scientists have recently discovered that Otzis last meal consisted of a few slices of fatty, cured goat meat, similar to modern-day bacon. But many questions remain regarding Otzi the Iceman. Why did Otzi have over 50 tattoos on his body? Were the tattoos part of an ancient form of acupuncture? Who killed him? Why was the blood of four people found on his clothes and weapons? Perhaps more research will help answer these and other questions about Otzi the Iceman.   Otzi on Display After seven years of study at Innsbruck University, Otzi the Iceman was transported to South Tyrol, Italy, where he was to be both further studied and put on display. At the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology, Otzi was encased within a specially made chamber, which is kept dark and refrigerated to help preserve Otzis body. Visitors to the museum can glimpse Otzi through a small window. To remember the place where Otzi had remained for 5,300 years, a stone marker was placed at the discovery site.

Ambiguity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ambiguity - Essay Example It seems that the context for which ambiguity is expressed is the main deciding factor in its impact. Its impact should be judged on presumed results of that expression. If we consider the advertising industry, people often feel that the nature of advertising in the postmodern era needs ambiguous presentation at times to attract multitude of audience. They feel that ambiguous advertising can attract more audience while satisfying orthodox thinkers about the presentation nature of a product or service. For example, if we consider the marketing of a product that is treated as unconventional, ambiguous advertising can serve two purposes. Firstly, a viewer can get impressed by the appealing presentation of the product and more inclined towards acquiring the product (The Ambiguity of Advertising, 2008). Secondly, this nature helps in attracting multiple audiences with different perceptions (The Ambiguity of Advertising, 2008). It helps respective company and/or advertising agencies to defend their marketing strategy in case of any controversies. Moreover, the ambiguous presentation aids in attracting vast audience with minimal and intelligent investment. However, this attitude may sometimes backfire with its enormous negative consequences (The Ambiguity of Advertising, 2008). The reasons for it can be related to the same factors that hill attracting more customers. Lack of clarity in advertising the intended benefits of a product or service leads to confusion for the audience whether or not to opt for its service. Also, people who misinterpret or identify exactly the actual purpose of the advertisement may feel reluctant to acquire it. With the advancements in technologies and change of various dimensions in the world, the level of ambiguity at various levels has increased dramatically over the years (Alessandra, 2001). This nature has